List of Fiber Crops for Textile,
Netting and Cordage

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Table 1. List of fiber crops which are sources of textile, netting, and cordage fibers grouped by type of fiber.

COMMON NAMES

_________________

FAMILY

______________

SCIENTIFIC NAME

____________________

A. List of Fiber Crops: Surface Fibers

Cotton

- Sea-Island cotton,
Egyptian cotton

- Upland cotton, bulak,
gapas, algodon

- Tree cotton

- Levant cotton

_________________

- --------------------

Malvaceae

Malvaceae

-

Malvaceae

Malvaceae

Malvaceae

______________

- ----------------------------

Gossypium spp.

Gossypium barbadense

-

Gossypium hirsutum

Gossypium arboreum

Gossypium herbaceum

____________________

B. List of Fiber Crops: Soft or Bast Fibers

1. Flax

2. Hemp, Marijuana

3. Jute

- Jute, saluyot, tagabang

4. Ramie

5. Sunn hemp ---------------------

6. Kenaf

7. China Jute, Indian Mallow

8. Roselle, Rama

9. Aramina, Cadillo,
Calut-calutan

_________________

- --------------------

Linaceae

Cannabaceae

Malvaceae

Malvaceae

Urticaceae

Leguminosae/ Fabaceae

Malvaceae

Malvaceae

Malvaceae

Malvaceae --------------------

______________

- ----------------------------

Linum usitatissimum

Cannabis sativa

Corchorus capsularis

Corchorus olitorius

Boehmeria nivea

Crotalaria juncea ------------------------

Hibiscus cannabinus

Abutilon theophrasti

Hibiscus sabdariffa

Urena lobata -------------------------

____________________

C. Fiber Crops: Hard or Structural Fibers

1. Abaca, Manila Hemp

2. Agaves

-

- Henequen or Mexican Sisal

- Sisal, Century plant

-

- Maguey, Manila maguey, Cantala

3. Mauritius Hemp, False agave, green aloe, giant cabuya

-

4. New Zealand Flax,
New Zealand Hemp

5. Bowstring Hemp

-

6. Coconut

7. Pineapple

8. Floja

9. Caroá


_________________

- --------------------

Musaceae

Agavaceae/ Asparagaceae*

Agavaceae/ Asparagaceae*

Agavaceae/ Asparagaceae*

Agavaceae/ Asparagaceae*

Agavaceae/ Asparagaceae*

-

Hemerocallidaceae/
Xanthorrhoeaceae*

Ruscaceae/ Asparagaceae* -------------------

-

Palmae / Arecaceae

Bromeliaceae

Bromeliaceae

Bromeliaceae


______________

- ----------------------------

Musa textilis

Agave spp.

-

Agave fourcroydes

Agave sisalana

-

Agave cantala

Furcraea gigantea, F. foetida; Others: Furcraea acrophylla, F. cabuya, F. hexapetales

Phormeum tenax

Sansevieria spp., e.g. S. thyrsiflora, S. roxburghiana, S. zelanica, S. longifolia

-

Cocos nucifera

Ananas comosus

Aechmea magdalenae

Neoglaziovia variegata

____________________

* Changes have occured in which several families have been expanded to include previously distinct families. The 2009 classification system of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG III) places the family Agavaceae, Ruscaceae, and others in an expanded Asparagaceae (Simpson 2010).

Primary source of list of fiber crops according to type of fiber: Hill (1972).

Addendum: Black fibers from the hair-like margins of the leafsheaths of sugar palm or kaong have been used in making ropes that are resistant to sea water.



REFERENCES

FRANCIS JK. 2003. Furcraea foetida (L.) Haw. Retrieved December 16, 2011 from href="http://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/pdf/shrubs/Furcraea%20foetida.pdf.

HILL AF. 1972. Economic Botany: A Textbook of Useful Plants and Plant Products. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd. p. 18-51.

MERRILL ED. 1912. A Flora of Manila. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 491 p.

MOORE R, CLARK WD, VODOPICH DS. 2003. Botany. 2nd ed. International Student Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 919 p.

SIMPSON MG. 2010. Plant Systematics. 2nd ed. San Diego, CA, USA: Elsevier Inc. 740 p.

(Ben G. Bareja December 2011)


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